pelvic wall, where they are crossed by the uterine
artery on a level with the internal os, about an inch
from Zantac 300 Mg the lateral border of the cervix, two inches
from the ureteral openings. From the point of
crossing, the uterine artery accompanies the ureter
for one or two inches through the base of the broad
ligament, to a point on the pelvic wall just above
the spine of the ischium, where they turn upward
on the pelvic wall covered by peritoneum, some-
times in Purchase Zantac front and sometimes behind the internal Zantac Mg Cheap Zantac
iliac to the pelvic brim, where they leave the pelvis
through the infundibular pelvic ligament behind the
ovarian artery. The right ureter is more often in
front of the division of the common iliac, the left
one behind it. The ureters are often outlined on
the anterior wall by the ureteral ridges. In 1880
Pawlick catheterized the ureters using the' ridges
as Zantac 150 landmarks.
TECHXIC OF PALPATION
To palpate the ureter from the bladder to the
base of the broad ligament Zantac 150 Mg to orient the position
imagine a line from a point, about half an inch in
front of the cervix, to a point half way between the
lateral border of the cervix and the lateral pelvic
wall. The point half an inch in front of the cervix
where the ureter enters the bladder, varies with
the position of the cervix. The point half way be-
tween the lateral border of the Where To Buy Zantac cervix and the lateral
pelvic wall, is where the uterine artery crosses the
cervix and is fixed.
The vaginal fingers are introduced into the an-
terior lateral vault of the vagina. Counterpressure
is made downward through the abdominal wall.
The fingers are drawn forward. As the tissues
slip through the fingers, the ureter is palpated 300 Mg Zantac as a
flattened cordlike Zantac Buy body, smaller than a goose quill,
displaced in its bed of loose cellular tissue, as it
slips through the fingers. It can be rolled from
side to side under the palpating fingers by moving
•Read before the American Association of Obstetricians and
Gynecologists, Atlantic City, N. J.. September 21, 1920.
the fingers toward the bladder, or toward the broad
ligament. The ureter is Zantac 75 Mg felt from the bladder to
the Purchase Zantac Online base of the broad ligament. Posterior to the
broad ligament it is felt just above the spine of the
ischium, covered by Order Zantac Online the peritoneum, to the pelvic
brim, by palpating it against the pelvic wall. It may
run as high as an Zantac Online inch above the ischial spine,
ludd ( 1 ) advises sweeping the fingers above its lo-
cation, bending the fingers as in picking a guitar.
In the latter part of pregnancy the ureters do not
follow the pelvic wall to the spines of the ischium,
but after accompanying the internal iliac artery
they pass beneath the broad ligament just below the
pelvic brim.
EXAMINATION OF THE URETER BY RECTUM
The finger is inserted to the bifurcation of the
iliac artery, which is located and traced downward
with the tip of the finger. The palpation is done
behind, at the side, and in front of the artery. The
ureter can be followed in its course until it passes
under the broad ligament. The normal ureters never
cause pain. If diseased, they are enlarged from the
size of a goose quill to that of a lead pencil, or
larger ; if tender, pressure brings an intense desire to
urinate. The tuberculous ureter Online Zantac feels like a string
of beads. Calculus, pyelitis, tuberculous kidney,
gonorrhea, cervicitis, lacerations, and infections from
the cervix cause urethritis, periureteritis and stric-
ture, and because of the nerve plexus of the abdom-
inal sympathetic, pain is diffuse and causes symp-
toms in adjacent abdominal viscera, bladder, uterus,
ovary, appendix, stomach, gallbladder and other Order Zantac
organs. If irritation passes over the intercostal
nerves, pain in the abdominal wall results ; if over
the lumbar plexus, pain in the Buy Zantac Online inguinal hypogastric
and external genital regions ; over the sacral plexus,
pain in external genitals, rectum, thigh, legs ; the
uterine plexus where artery crosses ureter, pain in
uterus ; ovarian plexus to ovaries, gastric to stomach,
mesentery to intestines.
Bladder symptoms following hysterectomy, in
which the cystoscope shows a normal bladder, are
due to ureteritis and not Zantac 150mg to cystitis. Sanger in 1886
reported cases of ureteritis treated for long periods as
cystitis. Judd reported a case of early pregnancy
with ureteritis and spotting, which was mistaken for
ectopic pregnancy. Hunner has reported a large
number of strictures of the lower ureter, which were
mistaken for all sorts of abdominal conditions. The
!Mayos report that most of the cases of kidney and
ureteral stone which they encountered have been
mistaken for other abdominal conditions and the
patients operated upon for Buy Zantac disease of the stomach,
gallbladder, ovary or appendix. Kelly (2) states
that gonorrhea is a common cause of ureteritis and
stricture.
Chronic pyelitis and ureteritis cause stricture of
the ureter followed by hydronephrosis if the con-
dition Zantac Coupon is not treated. Ureteritis due to lacerations
and infections of the cervix, if treated early, will
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